Linux boot文件损坏

本文最后更新于：2021-04-05

人作死，就会死

本来只是想加一块硬盘，但是关机之前 pacman -Syu，而且不小心强制关机，以及不清楚操作了什么，boot文件似乎坏掉了…

2020/07/29 更新
前两天设置BIOS的时候，发现有点问题
F10无法保存BIOS更改，按一下界面就冻住了，只能强制关机
开机再进BIOS，又回到原来的设置
网上说是主板上的电池没电，今天买了个CMOS用的纽扣电池，换上去还真好了
祸不单行

开机进入grub命令行

开机直接进入一个

1
grub >

这样的命令行
上面有一块文字 “grub2 is …”
还提示 Tab 列出所有命令

一脸懵，超出我的技术水平了….

尝试修理

查一下，英文的找了几篇，没找到比较好用的，可能是关键词不对
中文找到一个 zhihu - manjaro+win10双系统修复grub的艰辛过程
照着试试

ls (hd0,msdos1)/ 还能看到根目录下的文件，主目录的文件也都在
放了一半心，至少数据都在

看起来只是grub坏了，按照教程试着修复

  • 第一种方法不成功，最后输入normal没有反应，输入boot提示需要指定核心之类的，去网上找教程，指定一下参数还是启动不了
  • 第二种方法也不成功，报教程里说的 error: cannot find a device for /boot (is /dev mounted?). 错误，教程给出的方法不管用
    去网上找，Trying to reinstall GRUB 2, cannot find a device for /boot (is /dev mounted?) 额外挂载了sys``dev``proc目录，但还是不能安装grub，又有其他错误（但是我忘记是什么错误提示了，没有记下来

弃疗

总之，尝试了一晚上加半个上午，菜鸡放弃修复grub，重装系统了事
（主力电脑不能开机，笔记本又是新系统，翻墙软件都还没装，拿bing查资料修grub，太难了，后面想办法给笔记本上了梯子
(（本来想写一写详细的失败过程，但是拖延症发作，写的时候发现细节差不多忘光了

2020/08/03 更新

突然找到一个文件，自己都忘记了
当时用live manjaro尝试修理的时候，把命令行输出全部复制下来了，虽然不知道有没有用
贴上来，说不定以后就能发现是哪里出问题了
（应该不是什么难题吧，可是我现在太菜了，不会修

参考的两个教程

Trying to reinstall GRUB 2, cannot find a device for /boot (is /dev mounted?)
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory. (Reinstalling Grub Boot Loader Windows 10/Kali Linux Dual Boot with Dual Hard Drive)

bash shell

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 [manjaro@manjaro ~]$ manjaro-chroot -a
==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/nvme0n1p2]
 --> mount: [/mnt]
 --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> mount: [/mnt/root]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
[root@manjaro /]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# ls /home/mori/
 Avalon    Documents   Music     Pictures   Softwares   Videos            gdindex.js   goindex.js         package-lock.json
 Desktop   Downloads   Penguin   Public     Templates   dependencies.md   go           my_anime_list.md  'to buy.md'
[root@manjaro /]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# ls /boot/grub/
fonts  grub.cfg  grubenv  themes  x86_64-efi
[root@manjaro /]# ls /boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt 
[root@manjaro /]# cd /mnt
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls
EFI
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt
chroot: failed to run command '/bin/sh': No such file or directory
[root@manjaro mnt]# chr        
chroot  chrt    
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt
chroot: failed to run command '/bin/sh': No such file or directory
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls /bin/sh
/bin/sh
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot --help
Usage: chroot [OPTION] NEWROOT [COMMAND [ARG]...]
  or:  chroot OPTION
Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT.

  --groups=G_LIST        specify supplementary groups as g1,g2,..,gN
  --userspec=USER:GROUP  specify user and group (ID or name) to use
  --skip-chdir           do not change working directory to '/'
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

If no command is given, run '"$SHELL" -i' (default: '/bin/sh -i').

GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/chroot>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) chroot invocation'
[root@manjaro mnt]# [wd
bash: [wd: command not found
[root@manjaro mnt]# pwd
/mnt
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls
EFI
[root@manjaro mnt]# sudo chroot /mnt
chroot: failed to run command '/bin/bash': No such file or directory
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls /bin/*sh
/bin/alsa-info.sh     /bin/ceph-crash             /bin/lav2avi.sh                    /bin/ppmflash            /bin/toolstash
/bin/alsabat-test.sh  /bin/chsh                   /bin/lavtc.sh                      /bin/rescan-scsi-bus.sh  /bin/uim-sh
/bin/anytovcd.sh      /bin/clash                  /bin/ldns-nsec3-hash               /bin/rsh                 /bin/unix-lpr.sh
/bin/avahi-publish    /bin/cpufreq-bench_plot.sh  /bin/lprsetup.sh                   /bin/sh                  /bin/virsh
/bin/bash             /bin/findssl.sh             /bin/mbedtls_crypt_and_hash        /bin/slsh                /bin/winpr-hash
/bin/bssh             /bin/gettext.sh             /bin/mbedtls_udp_proxy_wrapper.sh  /bin/spirv-lesspipe.sh   /bin/wiper.sh
/bin/c_rehash         /bin/gvmap.sh               /bin/nettle-hash                   /bin/ssh                 /bin/zsh
/bin/capsh            /bin/jemalloc.sh            /bin/pax11publish                  /bin/tclsh
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls /bin/bash
/bin/bash
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls -al /bin/bash  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 928016 Jul 11 00:57 /bin/bash
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls
EFI
[root@manjaro mnt]# tail /var/log/pacman.log        
[2020-07-22T19:40:45+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET]      -> at next boot.
[2020-07-22T19:40:45+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET] 
[2020-07-22T19:40:45+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET] 
[2020-07-22T19:40:45+0800] [ALPM] running 'texinfo-install.hook'...
[2020-07-22T19:40:45+0800] [ALPM] running 'thunderbird-post.hook'...
[2020-07-22T19:40:45+0800] [ALPM] running 'update-ca-trust.hook'...
[2020-07-22T19:40:46+0800] [ALPM] running 'update-desktop-database.hook'...
[2020-07-22T19:40:46+0800] [ALPM] running 'update-mime-database.hook'...
[2020-07-22T19:40:46+0800] [ALPM] running 'update-vlc-plugin-cache.hook'...
[2020-07-22T19:40:47+0800] [ALPM] running 'xorg-mkfontscale.hook'...
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls -lh  /var/log/pacman.log             
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 406K Jul 22 19:40 /var/log/pacman.log
[root@manjaro mnt]# vi  /var/log/pacman.log       
[root@manjaro mnt]# cat /var/log/pacman.log | grep -i bash
[2020-03-02T11:39:34+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bashrc-manjaro (5.0.011-2 -> 5.0.016-1)
[2020-03-02T11:39:34+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bash (5.0.011-2 -> 5.0.016-1)
[2020-03-02T11:39:39+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bash-completion (2.9-1 -> 2.10-1)
[2020-06-08T21:15:40+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bashrc-manjaro (5.0.016-1 -> 5.0.017-1)
[2020-06-08T21:15:40+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bash (5.0.016-1 -> 5.0.017-1)
[2020-06-08T21:15:43+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bash-completion (2.10-1 -> 2.10-2)
[2020-07-22T19:39:17+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bashrc-manjaro (5.0.017-1 -> 5.0.018-1)
[2020-07-22T19:39:17+0800] [ALPM] upgraded bash (5.0.017-1 -> 5.0.018-1)
[root@manjaro mnt]# cd /
[root@manjaro /]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# fsck
fsck from util-linux 2.35.2
e2fsck 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 is mounted.
e2fsck: Cannot continue, aborting.


[root@manjaro /]# umount /dev/nvme0np1
umount: /dev/nvme0np1: no mount point specified.
[root@manjaro /]# pwd
/
[root@manjaro /]# mount
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/sda1 on /root type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/Penguin type ext4 (rw,relatime,stripe=8191)
/dev/sdc2 on /mnt/Avalon type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
[root@manjaro /]# umount 
umount                   umount.ecryptfs          umount.ecryptfs_private  umount.nfs               umount.nfs4              umount.udisks2
[root@manjaro /]# umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
[root@manjaro /]# umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
[root@manjaro /]# mount
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/sda1 on /root type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/Penguin type ext4 (rw,relatime,stripe=8191)
/dev/sdc2 on /mnt/Avalon type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
[root@manjaro /]# fsck
fsck from util-linux 2.35.2
e2fsck 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 is mounted.
e2fsck: Cannot continue, aborting.


[root@manjaro /]# cd
[root@manjaro ~]# ls
Desktop  Documents  Downloads  Music  Pictures  Public  Templates  Videos  lost+found  timeshift
[root@manjaro ~]# pwd
/root
[root@manjaro ~]# ls Videos/
[root@manjaro ~]# ll
bash: ll: command not found
[root@manjaro ~]# ls -;
ls: cannot access '-': No such file or directory
[root@manjaro ~]# ls -l
total 52
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Downloads
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Public
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Mar  3 22:14 Videos
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Mar  3 09:46 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root  4096 Jul 22 14:03 timeshift
[root@manjaro ~]# manjaro-chroor --help
bash: manjaro-chroor: command not found
[root@manjaro ~]# exit
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> umount: [/mnt/root]
 --> umount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> umount: [/mnt]
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ mount
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
dev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
/dev/sdd1 on /run/miso/bootmnt type iso9660 (ro,relatime,nojoliet,check=s,map=n,blocksize=2048,iocharset=default)
cowspace on /run/miso/cowspace type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=262144k,mode=755)
overlay_root on /run/miso/overlay_root type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=37024496k,mode=755)
/dev/loop0 on /run/miso/sfs/livefs type squashfs (ro,relatime)
/dev/loop1 on /run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs type squashfs (ro,relatime)
/dev/loop2 on /run/miso/sfs/desktopfs type squashfs (ro,relatime)
/dev/loop3 on /run/miso/sfs/rootfs type squashfs (ro,relatime)
overlay on / type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755)
cgroup2 on /sys/fs/cgroup/unified type cgroup2 (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,name=systemd)
pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
none on /sys/fs/bpf type bpf (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=700)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,rdma)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=29,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pipe_ino=2428)
mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tracefs on /sys/kernel/tracing type tracefs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=4936596k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /run/media/manjaro/798f587b-983a-478e-aca8-60524844eaa2 type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uhelper=udisks2)
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
umount: /dev/nvme0n1p1: must be superuser to unmount.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
umount: /dev/nvme0n1p1: not mounted.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ fsck /dev/nvme0n1p2
fsck from util-linux 2.35.1
e2fsck 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
fsck.ext2: Permission denied while trying to open /dev/nvme0n1p2
You must have r/w access to the filesystem or be root
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ cd /dev/nvme0n1p2  
bash: cd: /dev/nvme0n1p2: Not a directory
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ fsck --help

Usage:
 fsck [options] -- [fs-options] [<filesystem> ...]

Check and repair a Linux filesystem.

Options:
 -A         check all filesystems
 -C [<fd>]  display progress bar; file descriptor is for GUIs
 -l         lock the device to guarantee exclusive access
 -M         do not check mounted filesystems
 -N         do not execute, just show what would be done
 -P         check filesystems in parallel, including root
 -R         skip root filesystem; useful only with '-A'
 -r [<fd>]  report statistics for each device checked;
            file descriptor is for GUIs
 -s         serialize the checking operations
 -T         do not show the title on startup
 -t <type>  specify filesystem types to be checked;
            <type> is allowed to be a comma-separated list
 -V         explain what is being done

 -?, --help     display this help
     --version  display version

See the specific fsck.* commands for available fs-options.
For more details see fsck(8).
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo fsck /dev/nvme0n1p2
fsck from util-linux 2.35.1
e2fsck 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
/dev/nvme0n1p2: clean, 724071/31244288 files, 93382485/124949570 blocks
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo fsck /dev/nvme0n1p1
fsck from util-linux 2.35.1
fsck.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)
/dev/nvme0n1p1: 6 files, 70/76646 clusters
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo fsck /dev/nvme0n1p1
fsck from util-linux 2.35.1
fsck.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)
/dev/nvme0n1p1: 6 files, 70/76646 clusters
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo fsck /dev/nvme0n1p2
fsck from util-linux 2.35.1
e2fsck 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)
/dev/nvme0n1p2: clean, 724071/31244288 files, 93382485/124949570 blocks
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ man fsck
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ manjaro-chroot 
==> ERROR: Can't create chroot on non-directory 
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ manjaro-chroot -a
==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/nvme0n1p2]
 --> mount: [/mnt]
 --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> mount: [/mnt/root]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
[root@manjaro /]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# ^C
[root@manjaro /]# exit
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> umount: [/mnt/root]
 --> umount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> umount: [/mnt]
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo manjaro-chroot -a
==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/nvme0n1p2]
 --> mount: [/mnt]
 --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> mount: [/mnt/root]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p 
nvme0n1p1  nvme0n1p2  
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1^Cmnt 
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot
[root@manjaro /]# cd /mnt/
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# mount | tail -l
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt
sh-5.0# sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /mnt/boot/boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# sudo grub-install --root-directory=/sys^Cdev/nvme0n1p1        
sh-5.0# ls /sys/
sh-5.0# sudo grub-install --root-directory=/sys /dev/nvme0n1p1        
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /sys/boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# ls /mnt/ 
Avalon  Penguin  boot  timeshift
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro mnt]# pwd
/mnt
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls boot/
EFI  grub
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1/
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
umount: /dev/nvme0n1p1: umount failed: No such file or directory.
sh-5.0# ls /dev/
null
sh-5.0# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
sh-5.0# ls /home/
blkid.md  mori  tele
sh-5.0# ls /mnt/ 
Avalon  Penguin  boot  timeshift
sh-5.0# ls /mnt/boot/
boot
sh-5.0# ls /mnt/boot/boot/
grub
sh-5.0# ls /mnt/boot/boot/grub/
fonts  grubenv  i386-pc  themes
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# mount | tail -l
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
[root@manjaro mnt]# pwd
/mnt
[root@manjaro mnt]# exit
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> umount: [/mnt/root]
 --> umount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> umount: [/mnt]
umount: /mnt/mnt/Avalon: no mount point specified.
umount: /mnt/mnt/Penguin: no mount point specified.
umount: /mnt: target is busy.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ mount | tail -l
tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=4936596k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/mnt/Penguin type ext4 (rw,relatime,stripe=8191)
/dev/sdc2 on /mnt/mnt/Avalon type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt/mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
umount: /mnt/mnt/boot: must be superuser to unmount.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ mount | tail -;
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=4936596k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/mnt/Penguin type ext4 (rw,relatime,stripe=8191)
/dev/sdc2 on /mnt/mnt/Avalon type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096)
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo manjaro-chroot -a
==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/nvme0n1p2]
 --> mount: [/mnt]
mount: /mnt: /dev/nvme0n1p2 already mounted on /mnt.
 --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> mount: [/mnt/root]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
mount: /mnt/mnt/Penguin: /dev/sdb1 already mounted on /mnt/mnt/Penguin.
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
Mount is denied because the NTFS volume is already exclusively opened.
The volume may be already mounted, or another software may use it which
could be identified for example by the help of the 'fuser' command.
[root@manjaro /]# exit
 --> umount: [/mnt/root]
 --> umount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ ls /mnt/
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ ls /mnt/mnt/
Avalon  boot  Penguin  timeshift
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ mount | tail -;       
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=4936596k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/mnt/Penguin type ext4 (rw,relatime,stripe=8191)
/dev/sdc2 on /mnt/mnt/Avalon type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096)
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ umount /dev/sdb1
umount: /mnt/mnt/Penguin: must be superuser to unmount.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/sdb1
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/sdc2
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ umount /dev/sdb1     
umount: /dev/sdb1: must be superuser to unmount.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ mount | tail -;      
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=4936596k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ mount | tail -;           
tracefs on /sys/kernel/tracing type tracefs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=4936596k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ mount | tail -;
tracefs on /sys/kernel/tracing type tracefs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime,pagesize=2M)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755)
tmpfs on /run/user/1000 type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=4936596k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000)
fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
gvfsd-fuse on /run/user/1000/gvfs type fuse.gvfsd-fuse (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
portal on /run/user/1000/doc type fuse.portal (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000)
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo manjaro-chroot -a
==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/nvme0n1p2]
 --> mount: [/mnt]
 --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> mount: [/mnt/root]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
[root@manjaro /]# mount | tail -l
/dev/sdc2 on /mnt/Avalon type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /^C
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/
Avalon  Penguin  boot  timeshift
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/boot/
boot
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/boot/boot/
grub
[root@manjaro /]# ls -l /mnt/boot/boot/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jul 23 00:39 grub
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p
nvme0n1p1  nvme0n1p2  
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot 
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/boot/                 
EFI  grub
[root@manjaro /]# cd /mnt/
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt 
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# mount | tail -l
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt    
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1 
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# grub-install --root/directory=/mnt/boot /dev/nvme0n1p1   
grub-install: unrecognized option '--root/directory=/mnt/boot'
Try 'grub-install --help' or 'grub-install --usage' for more information.
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/nvme0n1p1  
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /mnt/boot/boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/nvme0n1p1      
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /mnt/boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
umount: /dev/nvme0n1p1: umount failed: No such file or directory.
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt          
sh-5.0# ls /mnt/
Avalon  Penguin  boot  timeshift
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls /mnt
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls /mnt/boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1                            
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt     
mount: /mnt: /dev/nvme0n1p2 already mounted on /.
[root@manjaro mnt]# mount | tail -l
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
[root@manjaro mnt]# ls /
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro mnt]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot/
[root@manjaro mnt]# chroot /mnt
sh-5.0# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
sh-5.0# ls boot/
EFI  grub
sh-5.0# ls /dev/
null
sh-5.0# ls /mnt/     
Avalon/    Penguin/   boot/      timeshift/ 
sh-5.0# ls mnt/boot/
boot  grub
sh-5.0# ls mnt/boot/boot/
grub
sh-5.0# grub-install boot/
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# ls boot/grub/
fonts  grubenv  i386-pc  themes
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/mnt/boot boot/
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /mnt/mnt/boot/boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/mnt/ boot/    
Installing for i386-pc platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find a device for /mnt/mnt/boot/grub (is /dev mounted?).
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro mnt]# mount --bind /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot/  
mount: /mnt/boot: mount(2) system call failed: Not a directory.
[root@manjaro mnt]# exit
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> umount: [/mnt/root]
 --> umount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> umount: [/mnt]
umount: /mnt/mnt/Avalon: no mount point specified.
umount: /mnt/mnt/Penguin: no mount point specified.
umount: /mnt: target is busy.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/scb1
umount: /dev/scb1: no mount point specified.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/sdc2
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/sdb1
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ manjaro-chroot -a
==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/nvme0n1p2]
 --> mount: [/mnt]
 --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> mount: [/mnt/root]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/
Avalon  Penguin  boot  mnt  timeshift
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/mnt/
boot
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/mnt/boot/
boot  grub
[root@manjaro /]# ls      
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# mount --bind /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
mount: /mnt: mount(2) system call failed: Not a directory.
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/
Avalon  Penguin  boot  mnt  timeshift
[root@manjaro /]# mount --bind /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/
mount: /mnt: mount(2) system call failed: Not a directory.
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/       
[root@manjaro /]# ls /dev/
autofs           dri          hidraw3       loop0   nvme0      rtc   sg1       tty11  tty23  tty35  tty47  tty59  udmabuf  vcsa   vcsu6
block            drm_dp_aux0  hidraw4       loop1   nvme0n1    rtc0  sg2       tty12  tty24  tty36  tty48  tty6   uhid     vcsa1  vfio
bsg              drm_dp_aux1  hpet          loop2   nvme0n1p1  sda   sg3       tty13  tty25  tty37  tty49  tty60  uinput   vcsa2  vga_arbiter
btrfs-control    drm_dp_aux2  hugepages     loop3   nvme0n1p2  sda1  shm       tty14  tty26  tty38  tty5   tty61  urandom  vcsa3  vhci
bus              fb0          hwrng         loop4   nvram      sdb   snapshot  tty15  tty27  tty39  tty50  tty62  usb      vcsa4  vhost-net
char             fd           initctl       loop5   parport0   sdb1  snd       tty16  tty28  tty4   tty51  tty63  userio   vcsa5  vhost-vsock
console          full         input         loop6   port       sdc   stderr    tty17  tty29  tty40  tty52  tty7   vcs      vcsa6  zero
core             fuse         kfd           loop7   ppp        sdc1  stdin     tty18  tty3   tty41  tty53  tty8   vcs1     vcsu   zfs
cpu              gpiochip0    kmsg          mapper  psaux      sdc2  stdout    tty19  tty30  tty42  tty54  tty9   vcs2     vcsu1
cpu_dma_latency  gpiochip1    kvm           mem     ptmx       sdd   tty       tty2   tty31  tty43  tty55  ttyS0  vcs3     vcsu2
cuse             hidraw0      lightnvm      mqueue  pts        sdd1  tty0      tty20  tty32  tty44  tty56  ttyS1  vcs4     vcsu3
disk             hidraw1      log           net     random     sdd2  tty1      tty21  tty33  tty45  tty57  ttyS2  vcs5     vcsu4
dma_heap         hidraw2      loop-control  null    rfkill     sg0   tty10     tty22  tty34  tty46  tty58  ttyS3  vcs6     vcsu5
[root@manjaro /]# mount --rbind /dev /mnt/dev
[root@manjaro /]# mount --rbind /proc /mnt/proc          
[root@manjaro /]# mount --rbind /sys /mnt/sys     
[root@manjaro /]# chroot /mnt/
sh-5.0# ls /dev/
autofs           dri          hidraw3       loop0   nvme0      rtc   sg1       tty11  tty23  tty35  tty47  tty59  udmabuf  vcsa   vcsu6
block            drm_dp_aux0  hidraw4       loop1   nvme0n1    rtc0  sg2       tty12  tty24  tty36  tty48  tty6   uhid     vcsa1  vfio
bsg              drm_dp_aux1  hpet          loop2   nvme0n1p1  sda   sg3       tty13  tty25  tty37  tty49  tty60  uinput   vcsa2  vga_arbiter
btrfs-control    drm_dp_aux2  hugepages     loop3   nvme0n1p2  sda1  shm       tty14  tty26  tty38  tty5   tty61  urandom  vcsa3  vhci
bus              fb0          hwrng         loop4   nvram      sdb   snapshot  tty15  tty27  tty39  tty50  tty62  usb      vcsa4  vhost-net
char             fd           initctl       loop5   parport0   sdb1  snd       tty16  tty28  tty4   tty51  tty63  userio   vcsa5  vhost-vsock
console          full         input         loop6   port       sdc   stderr    tty17  tty29  tty40  tty52  tty7   vcs      vcsa6  zero
core             fuse         kfd           loop7   ppp        sdc1  stdin     tty18  tty3   tty41  tty53  tty8   vcs1     vcsu   zfs
cpu              gpiochip0    kmsg          mapper  psaux      sdc2  stdout    tty19  tty30  tty42  tty54  tty9   vcs2     vcsu1
cpu_dma_latency  gpiochip1    kvm           mem     ptmx       sdd   tty       tty2   tty31  tty43  tty55  ttyS0  vcs3     vcsu2
cuse             hidraw0      lightnvm      mqueue  pts        sdd1  tty0      tty20  tty32  tty44  tty56  ttyS1  vcs4     vcsu3
disk             hidraw1      log           net     random     sdd2  tty1      tty21  tty33  tty45  tty57  ttyS2  vcs5     vcsu4
dma_heap         hidraw2      loop-control  null    rfkill     sg0   tty10     tty22  tty34  tty46  tty58  ttyS3  vcs6     vcsu5
sh-5.0# mount | tail -l
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p 
nvme0n1p1  nvme0n1p2  
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /^C
sh-5.0# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
sh-5.0# ls /dev/nvme0n1p1
/dev/nvme0n1p1
sh-5.0# ls /dev/nvme0n1p1/
ls: cannot access '/dev/nvme0n1p1/': Not a directory
sh-5.0# mount  /dev/nvme0n1p1 ^C
sh-5.0# ls boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1/ /
mount: /: special device /dev/nvme0n1p1/ does not exist (a path prefix is not a directory).
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 / 
sh-5.0# ls boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
sh-5.0# mount | tail -l
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on / type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
sh-5.0# ls /
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
sh-5.0# ls boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
sh-5.0# ls mnt/
Avalon  Penguin  boot  mnt  timeshift
sh-5.0# ls mnt/boot/
boot  grub
sh-5.0# ls mnt/boot/boot/
grub
sh-5.0# ls mnt/mnt/      
boot
sh-5.0# ls mnt/mnt/boot/
boot  grub
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# ls /boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot   
sh-5.0# ls /boot/
EFI  grub
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro /]# mount | tail -l
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
udev on /mnt/dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /mnt/dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /mnt/dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /mnt/proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /mnt/sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /mnt/sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
[root@manjaro /]# umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
umount: /dev/nvme0n1p2: umount failed: Invalid argument.
[root@manjaro /]# mount | tail -l
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
udev on /mnt/dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /mnt/dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /mnt/dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /mnt/proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /mnt/sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /mnt/sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
[root@manjaro /]# umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
umount: /mnt/boot: no mount point specified.
[root@manjaro /]# umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
umount: /dev/nvme0n1p2: umount failed: Invalid argument.
[root@manjaro /]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# ls boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
[root@manjaro /]# ls mnt/
EFI  grub
[root@manjaro /]# exit
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
 --> umount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
 --> umount: [/mnt/root]
 --> umount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> umount: [/mnt]
umount: /mnt/mnt/Avalon: no mount point specified.
umount: /mnt/mnt/Penguin: no mount point specified.
umount: /mnt: target is busy.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p2
umount: /dev/nvme0n1p2: umount failed: Invalid argument.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
umount: /mnt/mnt/boot: no mount point specified.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/sdb1     
umount: /mnt/mnt/Penguin: no mount point specified.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ sudo umount /dev/sdc2
umount: /mnt/mnt/Avalon: no mount point specified.
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ ls /mnt/mnt/
EFI  grub
[manjaro@manjaro ~]$ manjaro-chroot -a
==> Mounting (ManjaroLinux) [/dev/nvme0n1p2]
 --> mount: [/mnt]
mount: /mnt: /dev/nvme0n1p2 already mounted on /mnt.
 --> mount: [/mnt/boot/efi]
 --> mount: [/mnt/root]
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Penguin]
mount: /mnt/mnt/Penguin: mount point does not exist.
 --> mount: [/mnt/mnt/Avalon/]
Mount is denied because the NTFS volume is already exclusively opened.
The volume may be already mounted, or another software may use it which
could be identified for example by the help of the 'fuser' command.
[root@manjaro /]# ls
bin   desktopfs-pkgs.txt  etc   lib    lost+found  none  proc  rootfs-pkgs.txt  sbin  srv  tmp  var
boot  dev                 home  lib64  mnt         opt   root  run              snap  sys  usr
[root@manjaro /]# ls boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/
EFI  grub
[root@manjaro /]# mount | tail -l
/dev/sda1 on /root type ext4 (rw,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755)
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
[root@manjaro /]# ls /mnt/     
EFI  grub
[root@manjaro /]# chroot /mnt 
chroot: failed to run command '/bin/sh': No such file or directory
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
[root@manjaro /]# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot/
[root@manjaro /]#  mount --rbind /dev  /mnt/dev
[root@manjaro /]# mount --rbind /proc /mnt/proc
[root@manjaro /]# mount --rbind /sys  /mnt/sys
[root@manjaro /]# chroot /mnt
sh-5.0# mount | tail -l
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sh-5.0# ls /boot/
EFI  grub
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-direcotry=/mnt/mnt/boot/ /dev/nvme0n1p1
grub-install: unrecognized option '--root-direcotry=/mnt/mnt/boot/'
Try 'grub-install --help' or 'grub-install --usage' for more information.
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/mnt/boot/ /dev/nvme0n1p1 
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot
mount: /boot: /dev/nvme0n1p1 already mounted on /boot.
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot/
mount: /boot: /dev/nvme0n1p1 already mounted on /boot.
sh-5.0# ls /boot/
EFI  grub
sh-5.0# exit
exit
[root@manjaro /]# mount | tail -l
tmp on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
overlay on /etc/resolv.conf type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/run/miso/sfs/livefs:/run/miso/sfs/mhwdfs:/run/miso/sfs/desktopfs:/run/miso/sfs/rootfs,upperdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/upper,workdir=/run/miso/overlay_root/work,index=off)
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
udev on /mnt/dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /mnt/dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /mnt/dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /mnt/proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /mnt/sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /mnt/sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
[root@manjaro /]# chroot /mnt
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/boot/ /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# ls /boot/
EFI  grub
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot/efi
sh-5.0# ls boot/
EFI  grub
sh-5.0# mount | tail -l
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/EFI type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/boot/efi /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/boot/EFI /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: error: cannot find EFI directory.
sh-5.0# umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
sh-5.0# ls /boot/
EFI  grub
sh-5.0# mount | tail -l
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sh-5.0# umount /dev/nvme0n1p1
sh-5.0# mount | tail -l
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sh-5.0# ls /boot/
amd-ucode.img  efi  grub  initramfs-5.4-x86_64-fallback.img  initramfs-5.4-x86_64.img  linux54-x86_64.kver  memtest86+  vmlinuz-5.4-x86_64
sh-5.0# ls /boot/efi/
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p
nvme0n1p1  nvme0n1p2  
sh-5.0# mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /boot/efi
sh-5.0# mount | tail -l
/dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=24624776k,nr_inodes=6156194,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000)
shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sys on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
efivarfs on /sys/firmware/efi/efivars type efivarfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
/dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
sh-5.0# grub-install /dev/nvme0n1p1
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
sh-5.0#
技术 笔记

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